The science of how Messi keeps the ball close to himself photo credit: ZaleDesigns Messi is a magician with the ball at his feet. He's in my opinion the best player in the sense that he can control the ball so well, runs so fast with the ball & changes the direction at full speed like it's a walk in the park. For starters he started playing very early (at 3) which is crucial if you want to be a good player. In that aspect, he's God gifted as he had dribble skills which is genetic in my opinion. Height He is short which means a low center of gravity so it's difficult to push him off the ball. That's why we see that anyone rarely can topple him down, instead players much larger than him lose possession to him. So his short height suits his style of play & is a blessing in disguise. Change of pace Messi changes his pace really well. He starts slow and runs directly at the defender which means the defender has to stop & focus on him. When he reac...
Chemistry - Copper
Introduction
Copper is a soft, ductile, and malleable metal.
Copper has very high thermal and electrical conductivity.
The symbol of copper is ‘Cu’ and atomic number is ’29.’
Copper is known to people since (about) c. 8000 BC.
Copper is the first metal, which was smelted from its ore around c. 5000 BC.
Salient Features of Copper
Copper was the first metal that cast into a shape (in a mold).
Copper was the first metal that successful alloyed with another metal, e.g. copper alloyed with tin and resultantly bronze is prepared. It is done about c. 3500 BC.
First metal to be purposefully alloyed with another metal, tin, to create bronze, c. 3500 BC.
Copper has a natural reddish-orange color; it is visible once the its surface is exposed.
Copper is a very good conductor of electricity and heat.
Copper is an element of group 11 of the periodic table.
Copper normally does not react with water; however, it does react slowly with atmospheric oxygen and form a layer of brown-black copper oxide.
The brown-black copper oxide usually protects the underlying metal from further corrosion just like passivation.
Passivation is a process of use of a light coat of a protective material, such as metal oxide, which is used to create a protective shell against the corrosion.
Occurrence of Copper
Copper is commonly found in the earth’s crust.
In 1857, the largest mass of elemental copper (weighing about 420 tones) discovered. It was found on the Keweenaw Peninsula located in Michigan, US.
Alloys of Copper
The metal alloys, which have the copper as their major constituent, is known as copper alloys.
Copper alloys are highly resistant to corrosion.
The best (traditional) example of copper alloy is bronze (made by mixing tin and brass).
Following are the major alloys of copper −
Brass
Bronze
Auricupride
Chinese silver
Corinthian bronze
Electrum, Green gold
Grey gold
Niello
Panchaloha
Rose, red, and pink gold
Spangold
Shibuichi
Tibetan silver
White gold
Compounds of Copper
Following are the major compounds of the copper −
Cupric acetate -Cu(CH3COO)2
Copper(I) oxide -Cu2O
Copper(II) oxide - CuO
Copper(II) chloride -CuCl2
Dicopper chloride trihydroxide -Cu2(OH)3Cl
Copper(I) chloride -CuCl
Copper(II) nitrate -Cu(NO3)2
Copper Cyanide -CuCN
Uses of Copper
Copper is largely used in making electric wires.
Copper is used in electric motors.
Copper is used in roofing, plumbing, and in many other industries.
Copper paint is used in painting boats and many other materials.
Many of the home appliances are made up of either pure copper or its alloys.
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